Match each utterance with its conversational function.
Choose the correct function from the list for each question.
1
Asking for an opinion
2
Delaying / gaining thinking time
3
Presenting a number of arguments
4
Giving an opinion
5
Agreeing
6
Disagreeing
7
Countering
8
Making a logical argument
9
Asking for clarification
10
Expressing solutions and alternatives
11
Making suggestions
12
Complaining
13
Apologising
1. “I’m not happy about the proposed charges for visitor permits. They could make it difficult for some residents to have friends or relatives visit.”
2. “What’s your view on introducing a controlled parking zone in this area?”
3. “If fewer commuters park on residential streets, there should be more spaces available for people who actually live here.”
4. “I’m sorry, but I misunderstood the date of the consultation meeting and arrived after it had finished.”
5. “Having said that, a parking zone could discourage commuters from leaving their cars here all day.”
6. “I agree. At the moment, people who don’t live here often park for long periods, especially during the day.”
7. “Let me think about that. There are advantages, but there could also be some disadvantages.”
8. “I don’t really agree. Residents may end up paying for permits without necessarily finding it easier to park.”
9. “What about allowing residents a certain number of free visitor permits each year?”
10. “As I see it, controlled parking can make it easier for local residents to find a space near their homes.”
11. “There are several things to consider, including parking for residents, visitor permits, commuters, local businesses and the cost of administering the scheme.”
12. “One alternative would be to introduce restrictions only during the busiest hours, rather than operating the scheme throughout the whole day.”
13. “Could you clarify what you mean by ‘fair’ when you say the parking scheme would be fair to residents?”